Week 1 discussion questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 1 discussion questions - attempt ExampleThe imperatives of organizations must involve a ready preparedness for changes. According to Marrow the changes required by the welfare of the task become everybodys business and get made (Marrow, 1957, p. 66). The changing business strategies to cope with the warm transforming socio-economical paradigms of the times have become crucial factors because they enable the businesses to compete against their rivals. The main risk of adopting changes in the business processes is the resistance from the engageforce. They become unsure about their own ability to successfully oblige the changes in their work practice. As a result of their irrational fear, they fight against any change to defend their position and job in the organization.A good managerial leadership within the organization facilitates better understanding, prediction and extemporization in work place, leading to improved performance. Conflicts can be solved through effective t alk that encourages discussions and doubts clearing sessions and leaders must adapt such techniques to overcome resistance and create congenial atmosphere in the organization. Proper dissemination of information is essential to dispel any doubts about their ability to adapt successfully to the changes and the usefulness of the new resource, thereby facilitating a change that is positive.In my office environment of meat processing organization, introduction of new technology in the packaging section has become vital to interpret the ch aloneenges of the new business competitiveness. The initial apprehension of the manager was overcome through his judicious and widely everyday managerial expertise which facilitated the changeover with smoothness and without any bad feeling or insecurities among the employees. The manager had ensured that all the employees were taken into confidence regarding the growing

The implication of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) in China's Essay

The implication of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) in Chinas Economy - Essay Exampleentury, most of the countries in the world used to view FDI as a major(ip) threat to the local industries, a factor that led to adoption of liberalized policies that strongly discouraged inappropriate inflows into their countries (Huang 31).On the other hand, some other countries like China adopted an open door insurance that promoted remote investments, a factor that can be attributed to the intense growth the countrys deliverance has been experiencing in the past few decades. Many studies have shown that China is currently the major destination of foreign direct investment from many parts of the world. However, Chinese have also been aggressive in fashioning investments in other foreign countries with African region being their major target (Huang 25). This research writing is going to explore the impact of FDIs in Chinese Economy, point out the key determinants of FDIs as wellspring as high light the future expectation of FDIs in China.Effects of FDI on the recipient countries have been a touchy area of research in commerce, economics and politics (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Staff 56). In this particular area, there are two accessiones that are commonly applied namely the macro approach and the micro approach. Macro approach encompasses empirical scrutiny of effects of FDI on the general economic phylogenesis in areas related to creation of employment, business and industry as well as international relationships. On the other hand, micro economic approach focuses on the impacts of FDI on the grass root economy in various sectors like skills development and employment generation specifically establishment of small businesses being highly emphasized on (Huang 40).FDI has helped China a lot in creating good and reliable networks with other major countries and corporates. It has played a major role in creation of employment and enablement of ut ilization of local resources (Chen 96). relatively well paying jobs have been created in the country as business

Sun Tzu Emphasizes the Importance of Intelligence, Surprise, and Essay

Sun Tzu Emphasizes the Importance of Intelligence, Surprise, and Deception - Essay ExampleThis paper is a comparative analysis of application of intelligence, surprise and deception within the Iraq and United States host during the period amongst 1990 and 1998. Before investigating on the use of intelligence, surprise and deception in the two countries, it is important to wonder the meaning of the three terms in military operations. Intelligence support plays a critical utilisation in determining the success of military operation. According to Pace, military intelligence provides crucial insights regarding sensitive opportunities that could be exploited by the military to overcome the targeted enemy (12). Intelligence enables military commanders to clearly indentify the int remaindered end state and establish when the end state of a particular operation is attained (Pace, 12). Pace argues that visualisation of the battle space is one the most important consumption of intelligen ce to the military. Visualizing the battle space includes possessing the facts nigh the physical and manmade installations in the areas of military operation. In addition, visualizing requires the knowledge virtually the most current information about the activities of the enemy forces in that particular space and the future potential of the adversary to function in the contribution of military interest (14). According to Handel (60), collection of stainless military intelligence requires an in-depth understanding of the enemy, especially the objectives that travel their actions in the battle field (Sharp, 17). Establishing the objectives of the enemy in war is one of the greatest challenges of collecting military intelligence. These challenges are caused by difficulties in determining and predicting actions and response between the enemy and the offensive force one time the process of establishing the intent is initiated. In most situations, well intended actions from the joi nt forces trigger a reaction from the enemy and this could jeopardize the entire operation prematurely. Betts (83) argues that determining the extent of reaction from the enemy requires possession of accurate and timely intelligence that would enable the commanders to determine and plan future friendly actions to extract the intentions of the enemy without meridian undue suspicion. Possession of appropriate intelligence enables the force commanders to consider different factors that affect the operation promptly or indirectly before deciding on the action for establishing the intentions of the adversary. According to Pace, intelligence plays an important role in the three stages of military operations which include during peace, war and during other operations that do non involve war (36). During peacetime, intelligence assists commanders in purchasing relevant supplies, defend and protect their technological appliances and structuring their organizations to provoke efficiency. In addition, periods of peace provide military commanders with opportunities of designing appropriate training regimens for the combatants and other servicemen. Moreover, intelligence agencies admonisher foreign countries and organizations with objectives of establishing potential threats during peacetime (Pace, 38-40). During military operations other than war intelligence is helpful to military commanders because it enables them to sour suitable decisions on which forces to deploy at a particular future period, how and where to deploy, in a

S XYZ Co. Able to Identify and Exploit Sources of Competitive Dissertation

S XYZ Co. Able to Identify and Exploit Sources of Competitive expediency to Sustain The Emerging Competition - Dissertation Example different changes followed the implementation of the first Saudi redress companys renovations, which were evident in the additiond aw arness of the people in regards to indemnity policies, as well as the substantial increased risk in accordance with the introduction of compulsory motor third political party liability (BMI, 2011). Other changes included the legislation passed which made health insurance on expatriates and their families mandatory and the increase in oil prices had also been reflected on the citizens of the countrys personal incomes in accordance with classes that includes travel insurance (Ansari, 2011). Other insurances include life and property, which was subsequently followed by the increase in house loans, the amplified boost of the insurance market, as reinforced by the registration of more than 15 new insurance companies, thus fortifying the competition indoors the market. The growth in competition led to enjoining new entrants in the industry, which was supported by the governments efforts to throw the chance for foreign capital to investment in Saudis insurance sector (Ansari, 2011). 1.1. The Significance of Competitive proceeds among business firms A firm is equipped with competitory advantage when it has the means to edge out rivals when vying for the opt of customers. In that regard, a firm is considered to possess competitive advantage by implementing strategies that produce value that are not simultaneously being implemented by any current or potential competitors (De circuit card and Meyer, 2005). However, the defined subject of competitive advantage in financial do has a wide creative activity in the body of literature. The complexity and intangibility focusing on financial service products that include insurance limited the understanding of the average customer in regards to the feat ures and benefits provided by such service. This then implies the complexity of identifying and achieving competitive edge (Barney, 1991). The study of competitive advantage in the field of insurance as an aspect of financial service imposes the process of collecting literature in the context of competitive advantage that is particular to financial service in order to deliberately construct a theoretical model of attributes or features against the sensing of the subject of the study, which is the company management to be evaluated. For instance, Delvin (1997a) had made use of a detailed questionnaire, which he had distributed widely among marketing personnel. The context of the questionnaire delved on the strategy employed by relevant senior personnel in UK retail financial services. Delvin (1997a) investigated the factors which managers emphasise when attempting to formulate strategies to add value to service offerings and, hence, achieve competitive advantage in services markets . The study was able to conclude that the features and quality of the core service, inclusive of the price, image and reputation, operable service quality, support elements, and location and service recovery are the factors crucial in adding value to service offerings (Delvin, 1998). In comparison to the findings of Delvins study, it would be noted that in a study conducted by Gronroos (2001) pertaining to service quality, the last mentioned confirmed the importance of the functional quality on the basis of his perspective, as a very decisive factor in order to maintain the gap between the expected service and the perceived service

Logistics, People and Operations--Problem Solving in Connection With Essay

Logistics, People and Operations--Problem figure out in Connection With Real Organization - Essay ExampleUsage of machinery is inevitable in very field or celestial sphere. In the case of logistics instead of creating the system of machines, a system of people is created. This give make the system of machines work with out any obstructions. Logistics is mainly of three types. It is business logistics, production logistics and array logistics. In this paper we deal mostly about business and production logistics.Business logistics involves supply bowed stringed instrument management. This is because the products or services start from the supplier and reach the end user. Here inventory management, purchasing, transportation, storing, organising and planning leave be integrated. The knowledge about the resources about the above topics will be combined by the managers to orchestrate the resources in the organisation. This coordination will streamline the flow of the material thro ugh the network and the other coordinates the sequences of resources regarding the flow of the goods and services.In production logistics the logistical process is internal, whereas in the business logistics the process is external. This involves the flow of goods and services within a industry or an organisation, which have branches located in different atomic number 18as.The machines in the work places are ply with right product due to the production logistics. The streamlining of the flow of the goods and services through a process key the production logistics. ... This understanding is not enough for implementation of the logistics, either that of business or production.1 Transport and storehouse logistics is the fifth largest domain that is providing employment in the states like Chicago and California in USA. Career in logisticsThe initial discussion is about understanding the qualifications needed for the success in logistics. The personnel in this sector need the skills in in-time inventory, management practices and the capability of recognising the demand for material movement. One significant factor to be understood in this sector is ever ripening need of work force. Though the number of opportunities is growing in all the sectors, the work force needed for a particular work is being decreased. It is not the case with the transportation and store logistics. Customer service satisfaction The requirement of staff in that sector is increasing every day. The reason is that the customers are demanding more speed and quality in transportation and warehousing respectively. The qualifications and experience for the personnel in this sector will be different from other sectors. The required skills, the move opportunities were different in nature. The personnel need the skills regarding the storage of more goods in as much little space as possible and the transportation of goods in right time to right place. The goods or the products that are to be st ored and transported will be different in nature. They range from fruits to vegetables, glass to crockery, and machinery to spares. Each type requires a different type of storage and mode of transportation. The transportation of the two wheelers is different from the transportation of four

American National Govenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ameri flock National Govenment - Essay ExampleIn political realms, immigration correct refers to changes in recurrent immigration policy of a country. Immigration reforms in political sense can involve promoted, open immigration and also eliminated immigration which can also be reduced. The immigration authorities existing was designed in 1952 to 1965 with the primary goal of allowing nuclear and extended family reunification and the secondary goals of permitting improver admissions and necessary labor inflows. Todays reform system differs from the one of decades ago because of changing technology, tapered costs of beyond bound travelling and many years of past migratory flows which have do these flows more complicated and hard to deal with. Border protection, anti-terrorism and illegal immigration Control Act of 2005 was passed by the House of Representatives. The US senate passed the comprehensive immigration reform act of 2006 but neither bill was do law because their diffe rences could not be resolved in the conference committee. The issues to address in the bills were to fix border enforcement, enforcement of interior such as doing away with visa overstays, people being prevented from relieve oneselfing with no work permit, a committee being created to be in charge of adopting the number of visas available to economic propagation that fluctuates (Smith & Edmonston, 1997). A number of changes are recommended in the immigration reforms. First, a change to the temporary admissions and legal eonian systems to encourage the recruitment and retention of the immigrants best able to add value to the United States national interests in immigration. Secondly, Institutional and regulatory structure change governing the integration and employment of immigrants within the US to work up sure that immigrants make the largest possible contribution while reducing possible costs of movement. Others include development adoption of immigration as foreign policy too l, and changes to the immigration control policies. According to Smith and Edmonston (1997), good reform must require those living in the US without permission to register, be good turn over masters of tax, have knowledge of English, background checks be completed and earn the full rights of a uncoiled citizen. Eventually, the country benefits from increased and expanded tax base, a fully functional rule of law, a little vulnerable workforce to exploitation and a level playing field for all workers. A heavy and fair immigration reform will most likely restore order and control at the border. Additionally, I believe immigration reform is preferred because it greatly improves the US GDP by at least 0.84 percent. The increase in GDP due to immigration, in addition to benefiting the citizens throughout the country, will be vital among the labor-intensive sectors such as construction, electronic equipment and textiles industries. Furthermore, comprehensive immigration reforms increa ses wages for all workers and improves their work conditions. The Cap-n-Trade legislation (climate change reform) is almost the only way to regulate speed of light dioxide emissions. Cap-n-trade is targeted at reducing carbon dioxide emissions at a politically determined level among the users and producers of oil, natural gas and coal. Primarily the legislation seeks to apply a switch among users to alternative, less

Business event Operation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business outlet Operation - Essay ExampleThe event seeks to deliver an understanding to the customer segments that the newly- essential vodka emanates from the companys obedience that compelled its staff to embark on a two-year research and development to produce the sophisticated fuddle with a 100% wheat ingredients (Coulter 2010, p. 5). In order to reach the target consumer groups, the observation has been that the Cavendish London hotels eco-friendly practices ordain match the firms need to provoke the understanding that the company is indeed devoted into emulating sustainable measures in every aspect that it will relate to during its endeavours.The choice of holding the event at the Cavendish London matches the marketing and consumer attraction needs since the target high-end clientele will perceive the important aspects outlined in the product and conceive the reality of the attributes since the acceptance of the products launch at the hotel will emanate from the evaluatio ns undertaken by the venues management to identify the products eco-friendly aspects (Van der Aalst, 2008, p. 190). The four star hotel is located at the citys commercial centre and its provision of environmentally friendly attributes relate to the newly developed vodkas sustainability measures and consumption patterns in the target consumer markets (Corr 2010, p. 2). The emphases that the venue is an appropriate platform emanate from the provision of intumescent conference rooms that can comfortably accommodate the estimated 100 number of guests. Further, the Cavendish management will propose the required dining and entertainment room, and following the consultations made, the Big Ben Conferencing room and the immediate rooms will be allocated to suit the events needs.The two parties have agreed to enter into a mutual pact in hosting the new vodka launching event. The Cavendish London and the Maitre de Chai profess similar sustainable measures despite their

EBay--Transition From Auctions to Using Posted Prices Research Paper

EBay--Transition From Auctions to Using Posted Prices - Research Paper ExampleFrom sellers perspective, this electence for posted-price ever soywhere auctions is endogenous. There is ambiguity over market mechanisms behavior how participants ar affected and sales materialize, as the class of posted-price is initiated by sellers. The reason of this compositional changeover in the products being sold cannot be explained as evolving or causal. Rather profits from auctions started decreasing. Buyers also started showing disinterest in the auction market mechanism excessively the shrinking margins of the sellers that prompted a shift to the trend of posted prices. Einav et al. (1) find the reason of reducing margins more all important(p) for the changeover in online market design from open auctions to posted price. Although the shift has taken place save still auctions are preferred in certain sales by the online sellers these are prevalent, as sellers prefer them to posted prices for distinct items sales.The market of eBay connects sellers and buyers on the online platform, presented done its highly interactive website. It is a market with no fixed prices for ever and information is available at just the click of the mouse both buyers and sellers are bargaining continuously for a better transaction from their own perspectives. eBay is the perfect example of selling goods through auctions, which it has been doing since 2001, propelling its growth through the development of proxy bidding. It facilitates buyers offering a maximum bid tour the computer answers to third parties bids up to this maximum. This selling design minimizes transaction costs as bidders offline or forcible presence in actual time is not required for taking part in ever changing market scenario for auction bidding (Einav et al. 1).Figure1 above indicates the past trend till the current scenario, starting from Jan. 2003 till Jan. 2012 of online commerce, which has transformed greatly, b ut showing a turn against auctions due to reducing revenues since Jan. 2008. As say

The Problems of Contemporary American Culture Assignment

The Problems of Contemporary the Statesn Culture - Assignment ExampleMany teenagers remissness their parents, adults, the elderly, and traditions. The media no longer differentiate the news from gossip and personal opinions. Many people assert their rights without know and doing their responsibilities as law-abiding and productive citizens. We have high rates of recidivism, because we not prepare ex-convicts for re-integration into community life. Sapiental dance orchestra Questions What do you encourage about American culture? Respondent 1 Sex Male term 52 Relationship Neighbor and friend firmness I cherish the belief in the American Dream, where any people from any gender, race, and age can attain happiness and success through steadfastly work and determination. Respondent 2 Sex Female Age 39 Relationship Mothers friend Answer I cherish the freedoms in American culture that other societies do not have, like freedom of speech and freedom of demonstration. Respondent 3 Sex Ma le Age 19 Relationship Cousin Answer I like that we have freedoms. I can criticize my giving medication without being killed for my views. Respondent 4 Sex Female Age 18 Relationship assistant Answer I like the notion of the American Dream and our freedoms. It means we can be who we want to be and no one can stop us. We can speak our minds and we can still wake up and live another day. class fellow 1 Sex Female Age 20 Relationship Friend Answer The best in American culture is our freedoms. ... Respondent 1 Answer So legion(predicate) youth nowadays have no respect for their parents and adults. They think they know everything and yet they know nothing, even up about themselves and their culture. Respondent 2 Answer Mass media makes me sick. I rarely watch TV nowadays. Its all about selling sex, violence, and materialism. Respondent 3 Answer People fight for their rights, but they weart want the responsibilities that go with it. They just want this and that, but they will not gi ve fourth dimension for issues that social function. Respondent 4 Answer I find it problematic that media glorifies skinny and perfectly beautiful models and actresses. They take youth that they can never be young, pretty, and sexy enough. They teach poor self-esteem and self worth. Classmate 1 Answer The problem is the lack of self-criticism, the inability to stop and examine our weaknesses. Media also sucks. Its operate by money and produces sexual, misogynistic, and materialistic images and messages all the time. Classmate 2 Answer Its problematic that people no longer care about each other. They are too individualistic. I also disfavor its apparent lack of respect for other cultures in other countries. We cannot force our ideals on others, no matter how noble we think they are. My Own Answers What do you cherish about American culture? I cherish the concept of the American Dream and our civil rights and freedoms. Migrants and natives can both reach their ideals of success a nd happiness. They have the autonomy and support from the government too, which help them reach their dreams in life. What do you find problematic in America culture? I find it problematic that the culture is steeped with materialism, sensationalism, discrimination, indifference, immorality

Literary vs. Research Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Literary vs. Research Theory - Essay ExampleThe final pillow slip is the New Criticism based on moral and religious structures (Klarer, 2004).Research possibleness, on the other hand, is a systematic method, mostly used in social sciences, to generate new theories or test brisk ones on the basis of data analysis. In the case of creation of a new theory, an live theory is used as a basis for suggestions as to what kind of research should be carried out. Challenging an existing theory consists of using data as dictated by the null hypothesis based on the existing theory. Examples of research theories include descriptive theories, co relational theories and experimental theories (Klarer, 2004).Both literary and research theories have methods or schools of thought that cannot be clearly cut from one another. They both provide a general sense of a basis in which we can base our arguments as we try to rationalise the complexities of various aspects in life. Both theories are importan t in attempting to rationalize different phenomena, and in move the core cause-effect relationship (Klarer,

Use SOSTAC to prepare a strategy document on how Gold Reef City Assignment - 1

Use SOSTAC to prepare a strategy document on how Gold bring down City (casino) could take the Rewards Programme from a functional experience to an emotional experience - Assignment mannequinA lot of time and resources go into running a business. Casinos, in particular, are a really tricky business to venture into because they require constant scrutiny, and if the owners are not cautious enough, the business whitethorn go bankrupt. Individuals frequent casinos to enjoy themselves while at the same time trying to make any(prenominal) money. Gambling is the primary activity that occurs within casinos and has brought both good and bad fortunes to the pack who frequent casinos. numerous numbers of people have lost billions of dollars in these casinos while quite a number of people have gained wealth from casinos. Some unscrupulous dealers operate some casinos and fleece their customers of their hard-earned money. It is, therefore, important that the authorities examine these casinos for malpractice and fraud.The Gold Reef City Casino has to conduct a situation analysis before it washbasin commence its operations. A situation analysis is a collection of methods that the organizations management uses to analyze its influences to better meet the organizations capabilities, business environment and customers. A situation analysis consists of two areas namely micro and macroeconomics. microeconomics refers to the study of business and individual decisions while macroeconomics refers to the study of higher decision makers, for example, the government. Macroeconomics looks at the external forces and factors that mask the business.The Gold Reef City casino has also conducted a situation analysis, and the recommendations were divided into two categories Micro and macroeconomics. The microeconomics include the new developments and upgrades that are well underway and the soon to be completed. The casino has invested in a new gaming area that is expected to bring in mo re customers and consequently more revenue. The internalization of a new gaming system, which has

Animal Welfare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Animal Welf ar - Essay ExampleSuch definitions atomic number 18 always in line with the Five Freedoms of animal. The five liberaldoms of animal welfare outline five preconditions of a good animal welfare system freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury and disease, freedom to express radiation diagram behavior, and freedom to from fear and distress. These clamor for animal welfare has become a great debate oddly now with the increasingly fast forage world where the train for some animal meat, like chicken, has outstripped essential production cycles. It is estimated that in the Great Britain alone, over 850 m calamityion broiler chickens are reared each year, and approximately 26 chickens are slaughtered every second (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 2010). In fact, over the past thirty years, the demand for chicken meat has been exponentially rising which makes poultry farming a very viable moneymaking(prenomin al) activity. And like all commercial enterprises, the aim has been to achieve greater and greater profits by cut back the costs of production.Unfortunately, the reduction in the cost of production has bit by bit led to more and more genetically selected breeds of broiler chicken that are able to give higher meat production in little and less time. Moreover, the conditions for rearing such chickens has generally deteriorated and are often not considerate of the welfare of the chicken. Often the chickens are reared in a confined space with little or no light, and have to struggle for food and water. This struggle often leads to starvation of some chicken and injury to others. However, there are some surpassing cases where the welfare of the chicken are taken care of even though they are still unbroken in large numbers in confined spaces. in that respect is also an emerging trend of consumers preferring free range chicken, or organic chicken to those reared in confined spaces. T his leads to the question on the possibility of pay more for well kept or organic chicken rather than the more cheap ill kept chicken which are reared in conditions that have no regard for the welfare of chickens. MethodologyThere is growing concern among animal rights activists that the exponential rise in the demand for chicken meat is gradually leading to further deterioration of the conditions of stay of farm

Moving charge creates a magnetic field Lab Report

Moving practice creates a magnetic field - Lab Report ExampleFacts concerning the electric field, magnetic field, and the movement consume been considered in the practical procedure. The right-hand rule was utilized to determine the direction of the aspects that are known to be properties associated with electric and magnetic characteristics. It involved changing both magnetic and electric field through variations of both the properties. Results as read from the oscilloscope were recorded, and calculations of the test are illustrated in datasheet, followed by discussion and a lowest statementLiterary it can be regarded to be like a battery and act negatively on how the charges flow. The experiment design sought to make an application of the law and determine the answer of a lab session. An imperative aspect that achieves the application is power generation. These include the generating stations where magnetic unify is make by water that falls on the blades hence rotating the m agnetic component (Leus, 2014).Why mid-point of 2 and 4 has a maximum note value of flux the rate of change of the charge is highest hence posting the highest flux value. The difference is the sign attached to the value. The motion causing each is in the opposite direction (Leus, 2014).The outcome showed that when a charge moves, magnetic flux properties are created. The experiment objectives in the purpose statement were thus met successfully. A variation in the charge factor at a peak to peak value of 414 volts achieved a flux of 1,0263 T, hence proves that a charge in motion creates a magnetic field. The experiment had challenges from the operation of the measurement device. The inability to create smooth motion of the charge holding device was the etymon of errors in the experiment. To avert the error, a systematic and automatically operated the machine without much human input should be

Comparative Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparative Analysis - Essay ExampleCritical thinking is considered as an key concept in nursing. The role of critical thinking is defined by polar authors in different styles. The perspective of critical thinking in nursing plays different roles ranging from diagnoses to analysis of patients conditions. This paper aims to analyze ii articles relating to this topic. The first article is titled as Critical thinking and accuracy of nurses diagnoses. The second article is The conjecture of critical thinking of nursing.Although both articles carry useful information it is not justifiable to shorten the distinct perspectives and methodologies used by the authors. The article Critical thinking and accuracy of nurses diagnoses is much lengthy and carries to a greater extent in-depth analysis, whereas, the article The theory of critical thinking of nursing is not that wordy but contains facts and clearly picture the claims by giving evidences.The article Critical thinking and accuracy of nurses diagnoses is designed in a centering to incorporate both empirical and theoretical literature available. The information flows in a way that explains in all necessary concepts related to the issue. The article first describes the relationship between critical thinking and diagnostic accuracy. It is lucid that nurses are aimed to achieve diagnostic accuracy. Flawed diagnoses may end up creating complex and unavoidable chance both for the patients and nursing staff. In order to clarify the problems that may arise as a resolving of wrong interpretation, the article include a few case studies where wrong interpretation of signs and symptoms created troublesome situations. thither are some overlapping symptoms which require a higher level of critical thinking for to a greater extent accurate diagnoses. This article involves a table to provide examples of those overlapping symptoms.The study further illuminates the concepts of cognitive fluency, tractability and elaboratio n. The

Discuss the main causes and effects of gun crime in the USA Essay - 4

Discuss the main causes and effects of gun crime in the USA - sample ExampleAct that controls the amount of guns available in America has been quite ineffective and hence it has on the whole failed to reduce the number of guns in America. As such(prenominal), the procedure for acquiring a gun has been reduced to that of the marketplace forces of demand and supply, (Ulrich 2009, p.41). This basically means that so long as a person is able to sully the gun, then the supply is readily available.Another school of thought on the causes of gun violence and crimes in America blames the ownership of guns by very preadolescent people. Though the law only allows those above 21 years to obtain gun license, (Ulrich 2009, p.49) suggest that this has been reached through very poor and unlimited research. This is true because statistics forecast that more than half of the gun mass killing were perpetrated by individuals below 25 years. Similarly, very young people have been accused of perpetr ating gun violence using their parents guns. This indicates that the law has various loopholes that allow such crimes to happen without reprimanding the source.Lastly, a large number of guns are illegally available to members of the public. In this case, people house freely and criminally hire guns for uses especially in robbery and assassinations. In America, more than 75% of robbery cases happen at gun point, (Ulrich 2009, p.52). These guns are in the hand of criminals through irregular licensing and gun theft. concordly, thugs go off either hire guns from illegal dealers or even steal them from the police or other license gun holders. In this case, it is important for the Gun Law to be repealed so as to address slightly of the concerned raised above.The major effect of gun violence has been the increase of gun related deaths. According to Sarah (2013), the US has the most guns per head in the world, and equally has the highest rate of deaths from firearms. This basically, t he article has established a penny-pinching correlation between the number of guns in the private hands and the number of

Team Work on the example of the film Oceans Eleven Essay

Team Work on the example of the film Oceans Eleven - Essay fountThe paper describes the drawing cardship influence on team lap up and the group processes. Our goals were simple we wanted to work together to achieve a quality project with very little conflict and low stress. We do this happen by coming to agreements on section length and due dates and we followed this schedule. It worked out well for us because they were SMART goals. While doing our project we didnt really ever have to influence each other to do anything we didnt want to. We think this is because we used a logical, collaborative climb up to accomplish our task. both of these were effective we were logical in the sense that if we were to force other group members into roles that they didnt want to be in, they probably wouldnt excel in those areas which would negatively affect the outcome of our project and we were collaborative in that we worked together to make sure we accomplished the set goals of the group. A p assive or assertive approach would most likely not work to influence our group members to accomplish our goals. The process of decision qualification is extremely important and every member must(prenominal) be in unison when it comes to decision making, normally good decisions are made when the team members are all in unison but at times it is just not plausible but even if it is not plausible the team leader must convince each member of the group and a unanimous decision must be made. Communication is another very important factor, each member in a group must communicate and communication must always be a two way process.

Consolidated Life Case-Business Ethics Essay Example for Free

Consolidated Life Case-Business Ethics EssayConsolidated disembodied spirit is a prestigious insurance alliance however, due to the nature of the establishment the duties required by the player neither required minimal knowledge nor did you stick to have a high gear level instruction in order to obtain a position at the company. Mr. microphone Wilson however, obtained a business decimal point in administration. He was hired by Consolidated Life as simply as you lav put a clerical worker. He worked in the policy issue department which main duties include processing or in taking clients orders for insurance, customer service, and client services. One would say that working for them your executing required little to no creativity. It was the same day-to-day work load. Because it required so little creativity, mundane routines were repetitive and can be done grassrootsally, with your hands tied to you back. mike Wilson demonstrated how an effective a directer can be in t he workforce rather than just a manager by title. He portrayed in existence of high fidelity which is the best experience you can have in a workplace.In the book Trade Off, by Author Kevin Maney, the word fidelity deals with the join experience of something (Maney, 2009). The author also says that aura can also provides an advantage to fidelity. With that universe said Mr. Wilson influenced his co-workers with providing them with incentives and rewards in which they can gain a reward at the end of the task but most significantly he provided the right tools and motivations in order for his employees to work in a positive mind frame.This created a system of mutual bipartisanship between supervisor and employee. Model based on the Organizational Model demeanour mikes drive and motivation can be compar adequate to a someone with speculation y attributes. The theory Y concept displays how an employees work is as natural as play. Also a person with this trace has a huge sense of se lf- elbow room and self-control. Mr. Wilson showed this by cultivating a modern management technique that cause its workers rather than coerced them which a person who you can place in this.Whereas, a person with the characteristics of theory x carries the opposite attractions. The respective(prenominal) is not seen as enthusiastic about their job. They are mainly threatened or told do it or else and as stated before, lack the ability and drive to all overachieve. They usually follow the motto, overpromise-under deliver. microphones cognitive operation ultimately won him a onward motion working in the supervisory assignment area. He won this promotion just six weeks after promise. microphone brought a sense of modern culture although it was seen as unorthodox or non-traditional.When comparing the delegation of authority in the levels of management the institution complex body part clear shows that the establishment followed an authority oriented program in which Presidents a re first to make decisions for the overall ken for the company in which it then trickles down to the VP who implements the Presidents strategy by orchestrating a ply of supervisors to oversee the execution. Situation There seems to be a drastic change to the division in which Mike supervised some time ago.When Mike realized his unhappiness at his new-fashioned division he sought a remedy for disaster by returning to his old division forcing him under new terms and most importantly, a new boss. The performance value of his once over exceeding lag was now dwindled and unmotivated. The new way in which they worked became stricter and more inflexible. It was stale and there was no aura of high fidelity being promoted. Problems The problem of this case has to do with mis-delegation of roles and mis-clarification for all parties. Not only that, the fact is the company as a whole has not identified its mission statement for their employees.With that being said the renewal from the tim e Mike left became a tragedy. As stated before, the culture of the environment was slated after Mike left. It became from being a collegial environment to an dominating environment once new vice death chair varlet Greely took over. Not only did he change the environment of the company, he basically dismantled the structure and rebuilt it based on his power. Until Mike was promoted the managerial personal manner approach was not identified and supervisors, at this aboriginal time wanted a change and thats why Mike was chosen to become supervisor.However, when Jack took Mikes former(prenominal) supervisors place, the organization became, autocratic. An autocratic person can be defined as an employee that is dependent tot tally on a supervisor. This person has no other desire than to do what is only required out of the task and only the minimum. Usually in an autocratic consideration the boss expects pure obedience from their employees and rely straight on authority from highe r ups with no regard to any self-drive for themselves and lacks the qualities and abilities to take on initiatives and providing an entrepreneurial attitude about themselves.This can be explained by using the Abraham Maslows Theory found in an essay article written by Janet Simmons, Donald Irvin, and Beverly Drinnien which it states he says accordingly that the only reason that people would not move well in direction of self-actualization is because of hindrances placed in their way by society (Janet A. Simons, 1987). Also saying We must see that the persons basic needs are satisfied. This includes safety, belongingness, and esteem needs (Janet A. Simons, 1987) A person in the Consolidated Life organization that can be also skewed towards the autocratic room is Mr.Rick Belkner. Mikes former boss. This, for lack of a better term, lazy supervisor (whom he was Mikes supervisor initially) illustrated as a person who rather do crossword puzzles during his work shift then to lead by example, what a fitting Vice President of their division shy 40,000 of a six-figure salary. The point was clearly made by Mr. Greely when he assumed that Mikes management style would still be undermined no matter how good of his performance. He pull down went to the extent of assuring that Mr. Wilson will fail no matter how high you move up in the establishment. It is almost agreeable to say that Mr.Speelys choose of words were not only rude but shows a poor and ineffective attraction. Mr. Greely does not seem to be results-driven but ego-driven as his defense for Mikes work style was inarguable and measured his own assumption to Mikes performance rather than just judging an employee on what he does best, his/her performance. Reading how Mike handled it amazingly enough. In the chart featured on page-You can see mere(a) comparing of the two different types of behavioral patterns by identifying the qualities, organizational and environmental forces that are represented by the 2 behavior patterns.You will see the differences between a workers operating in an autocratic setting versus a person who operates under the collegial or supportive setting(s). By identifying the contrast you are able to see what kind of modifications or structures that would have to be put in place based on a employees attitude. The attitude in which comes from probably stems from personal goal, motivations, or self desires a person whitethorn have in their work space. Some individuals dont possess the willingness to achieve and be a leader.Some individual are quite happy with just being an average worker and moving up in the corporate latter is something that does not motivate them. Autocratic Environment Vs. Collegial /System Environment sottish Questions for Case 1. Describe ALL the factors that contributed to Mikes lack of promotion at the end. Was his lack of promotion fair? When Mike left the division, he left the process in which he created, to be modify by the new president upon his departure. The flexible leadership that led to the team success came to a carry when divisional vice president, Jack Greely whos reputation was described as tough but fair.Mike accepted the position at the old division again without really investigating the provisions in which he was now to work under. He loss total control when he noticed that co-workers were very more inclined to follow Mr. Greelys direction because the employees knew the order of hierarchy and knew the consequences of action should one follow anyones demands withdraw for Mr. Greelys. 2. Using your knowledge of culture, explain in detail Consolidated Lifes culture when Mike was first hired and then when he returned.There was a transition in the organization which turn out to have opportunities due to the position void. Such example shows that Mike (when he was first hired by Consolidated Life) he was promoted to his position because of the opportunities of change. Mikes style was not really favored b y his higher-ups but because he manages to increase workflow and reduce errors, which created more performance his flexible style was dismiss which sends a sign of inconsistency. If you are going to allow a manager to take over the project then let them take over.As long as they dont compromise the integrity of the company or do anything illegal. 3. What actions could Consolidated Life have taken to prevent Mikes problems? There should have been more flexibility granted for Mike to effectively coordinate his team. Mr. Wilsons sink in record clearly shows that as a supervisor he is competent to make educated decisions and lead a staff with ease. An employee is always happy when they are not pressured nor stressed. Most important of all, when a leader shows reciprocity, more than likely there would be a win-win.For Example, Mikes strategy to reward his co-workers in exchange for sturdy work showed the worker was not working out of vain and in fact he/she was being acknowledged and rewarded for the hard efforts being put forth. 4. Who do you think was at fault for Mikes problems, Mike or his supervisors (e. g. , Jack) or others? Completely justify your opinion. The fault of Mike problems was his free spirited style which usually offends conservatives. Jack implemented a corporate style setting upon Mikes return.

Improvised, Electronic, Device Essay Example for Free

Improvised, Electronic, plait EssayAlways expanding and reconstructing electronic and industrial music to its breaking point while keeping rhythm method of birth control and melody intact, FRONT LINE ASSEMBLY are preparing to unleash the latest chapter in their storied floor with the release of IMPROVISED. ELECTRONIC. DEVICE. on June 25, 2010 on Dependent. I. E. D. is definitely furthering the direction of the band and sound, creatively and artistically, explains founder and mastermind fag FLA, Bill Leeb. Were finding new ways to make sound.A hearty and robust album cryptic with a hybrid of electronics and guitars, I. E. D. takes their trademark sound and beefs it up with metallic guitars and stylized industrial beats. Kicking dispatch with the adrenaline-infused title track, its apparent that this is a new and improved FLA. This is the first time in Front airwave history that we did a track in a 5/4 signature, explains Bill. Chris Peterson, keyboards was pushing for more diversity, gainsay the band to do something several(predicate).We wanted this track to be as challenging and complex as the serviceman we suffer in as there are no easy answers. From the electronic bounce of warranter to the dark metal of Release to the ambient and atmospheric closing track, Downfall, I. E. D. is an album rife with the FLAs brand of prehensile dance music. The first single Shifting Through the Lens is the most danceable track FLA has created in the last decade and came together quite naturally. Jeremy Inkel, keyboards came up with the original sequence for the verse and chorus and, right hand away, I really liked what I heard, Bill explains. It really brings together a lot of the different aspects of industrial and electronic that we all like. The inimitable Al Jourgensen (Ministry, Revolting Cocks) guests on the sonic industrial flack of Stupidity, which Bill describes as, inspired by the Ministry album The Last Sucker. Jeremy was on tour with his other band leftfield Spine Down supporting RevCo and he get to know Al really well.Were really kindle to have him on it Adds Jeremy, Not scarcely did Al agree to do the vocals, but he got his work force dirty with the production and mixed the whole song in his studio in El Paso. form in 1986 when Bill left Skinny Puppy, FLA are still as vital and energetic as ever. With US and European tours planned for Summer and Fall 2010, theyre gearing up for their legendary epic live performances. Were quite excited to tour, Bill adds. We feel we have grown as a band everyplace the last four years. We really eel this new album will sound great live and tip wait to get out there and be creative with it Silver Recovery Canisters for Used roentgenogram Fixer in Dental Offices Using silver recovery units for the management of used fixer only makes economic and practical sense if the flow of used fixer is at least 2-3 gallons per week. nearly dental offices generate a gallon or less of used fix er per month not full flow to make on site silver recovery cost-effective, due to the cost of buying and fortnightly replacement of the two required units.Such minimal flow also allows the steel wool in the recovery units to rust between uses, making the units ineffective in as little as 6 months after first use. Setting up two silver recovery canisters in a series can range from $200 to $1,700. Operating, changeover, and testing costs can add an additional $150-$300 annually. Most dental offices only generate ? to 1 gallon of used fixer per month, making proper on-the-scene(prenominal) silver recovery not very cost-effective. Hazardous Waste Services Directory is a database that offers a propensity of companies that can help you to manage silver waste

Life of Being an African American Essay Example for Free

Life of Being an African American riseThroughout my life, I have had to battle with my own identity, as many people do. It is not bargonly a black thing, Im sure. I know people from all different ethnicities, who beat to produce themselves, simply this has little to do with the way they look on the outside it is the quest to find out who they are on the inside. I found that person when I was thirteen years old, but then when I moved to the United States from dough eight years ago, I underwent another bearing of struggle with identity. This time it was because of the way I looked, and it was less than a personal struggle than it was a compete against distinction. I had neer really experienced any form of racial discrimination in Chicago almost everyone who lived in our area was African American, with a few exceptions. T present were a few gaberdine people, but they apparently were not indicative of the general population in America, as I never received any mistreatmen t or discrimination from them, and likewise, I do not believe they suffered any discrimination by my fellow African Americans.Everyone sort of just fit in and carried on with their daily lives. I am ashamed to admit that this is how I thought that my life would be in Texas as well. I did expect things to be different. I knew that Dallas were more affluent and I knew that there were buildings as big as some of our smaller towns. The buildings in the brochures seemed to reach the sky. I believed that the sky would be bluer, the air cleaner, and the people would be as friendly as they seemed to be on television and in the brochures.All of these shiny, smiling lily-white faces would greet me with open arms and assist me in any way possible to make my continue wonderful. However, the exact opposite has happened to me. Although I am not the only African American by furthermost to come to Dallas, I certainly felt all alone my first six months here. While I did meet other African America ns, and they welcomed me, they were all busy struggling to make a living or to learn the language just as much as the next. It seemed even the older African Americans who had lived here for over ten years still never managed to fit in.I have been called stupid, unspiritual and dumb despite the fact that I am more intelligent than many of the people art me this. .One of the things that annoys me the most is when I try to talk to someone and they talk back to me with a slang accent. I have had people speak very slowly and with raised volume and exaggerated hand movements when they are trying to talk to me. I guess they think that deaf and dumb. Stereotypes exist, I understand this, and it really doesnt affect me as much as being split upd against does.For example, I can take people assumptive that I work at a chicken place or even asking what are you. But when I take the time to talk to people and explain and let them into my life a little, I expect a bit more than from someone on the street, but I outweart often get it. In my small group of friends, which is mainly white people, they acquiret think Im stupid or ignorant, unlike those strangers I meet on the street, and they dont think Im deaf and dumb they actually think that Im of the most caring person, and will do anything for them.Living in America is a aspiration for many, and musical composition there are so many opportunities here, I have to say that it is a struggle for an African American to fit in. I can only hope that future employers will not discriminate or that the only jobs that I can find will be dishwashing and working for a place that sells chicken. While these jobs are suitable for some, they are not why I came to America. In essence, I am chasing the American dream, and while many Americans have discriminated against me, I can only hope that the dream will not.

Intrinsic Motivation Essay Example for Free

Intrinsic Motivation EssaySecond linguistic communication Acquisition (SLA) is cornerstonevasing suppuration in which people acquire a spick-and-span actors line more commonly hunchn as certify deli rattling in addition to their native tongue. The endorsement dustup is often referred as nates speech communication or L2. In addition, split second langu bestride denotes any in the buff wrangle well-educated afterwards early childhood years. This means subsequently rows learned i. e.third or fourth nomenclature is dumb referred to as second language. A number of somebodyal and environsal factors may affect the decision to learn a second language. Examples of such factors include family influences, social convocations or peers, t each(prenominal)ers, school, age, and self- innovation. An one-on-one may pursue a see on acquiring a second language aptitude for various(a)(a) reasons and motives.In a study of UK and European students, it has been stated t hat the reasons a student pursues a study a inappropriate language are the fol deplorableing 1) to be fitting to turn out a career advantage for opportunities in the proximo 2) a students ad hominem inclination to learn the language 3) to be able to learn and appreciate to cultural differences 4) for an enhanced science of the culture where the language is used 5) and to be able to reside in nations where the language is used.The current teacher booklet aims to help the SLA teacher increase the intrinsic motivation of SLA savants by presenting sundry(prenominal) topics, including places and motivation in second language reading clarifying erroneous beliefs near language teaching what the SLA teacher ought to focus on sources of language concern the acquirement environment as source of language fretfulness variables of self-confidence socio-psychological issues of language misgiving and self-confidence instructor-learner interaction and classroom procedures and inte rpretation of educator beliefs on language information.Attitudes and Motivation in Second vocabulary information In the book Attitudes and motivation in second language learning, Gardner and Lambert (1972) cede identified Integrative Motivation and Instrumental Motivation as the common reason for a students desire to study a second language. In the context of use of language learning, a learner may pursue the study of English such as a second language because of ones desire to work in abroad as well as for travel purposes.The learners practical rationale for acquiring a second language is referred to as instrumental motivation. On the otherwise hand, a person may pursue the study of English language in order to successfully integrate within the community where one is shortly living. The learners purpose can be referred to as integrative motivation. Following a learners utilitarian purpose, the clear benefit of acquiring English as second language is to harbor a war-ridden a djoin in the labor market. Such skills are in truth valuable as businesses are increasingly becoming global.In fact, professionals who are fluent bilingual speakers drop the competitive edge compared to monolingual speakers. In addition, travel and migration of people has becoming a growing trend in novel years prompting a necessity to understand and integrate within the society which one lives in. devoted that on that point a significant number of SLA learners, it is worthwhile to examine how the teacher may be able to increase the confidence and intrinsic motivation and lessen the anxiety of the SLA learner. Clarifying Erroneous Beliefs ab out Language LearningHorwitz, Horwitz Cope (1986) mean that the problem of anxiety and the accompanying erroneous beliefs just about language learning, as discussed in their literature focusing on classroom anxiety, represent serious impediments to the development of second language fluency as well as to performance. In their sermon of cl inical experience with anxiety as a barrier to second language development, they categorize this personality factor as that of apprehension, worry and dismantle dread and anxious language learners often collect difficulty concentrating, become forgetful, sweat, and take up palpitations.Further, Chang, Horwitz, and Sch entirelyert (1999) report that there are principally dickens types or constructs of anxiety, which are alluded to second language learning in both speaking and writing. The report hints that second language classroom anxiety refers to the anxiety snarl by students in interacting with native-speaking students. It is the more general type of anxiety felt by most school students. On the other hand, second language writing anxiety refers to language-skill-specific anxiety felt by students.Chang, Horwitz, and Schallert (1999) suggest that these are two separate constructs and that anxiety levels in speaking or writing may be felt unalikely. Nevertheless, the report asserts that level of self-esteem is an chief(prenominal) component for both constructs. In a research on English as Second Language, Huang (2004) reports that foreign students (i. e. Chinese) studying at North American universities hasten faired very well in TOEFL.While Chinese students pick up obtained very high marks, many still have difficulties in understanding academic lectures, taking notes, writing assignments and giving presentations. Further, this report would also illustrate that the two independent constructs reported by Chang, Horwitz, and Schallert (1999). Huang (2004) reports that the students in the study have increase in reading capability and grammar, and that listening and the speaking were the weakest.More everywhere, the study also reports low level of confidence of foreign students in community and interaction in classes due to this difficulty thus, limiting their oerall performance. Cummins (2000) supports that even though many have excellent English l anguage skills in terms of social proficiency, many are still try with the type of cognitive academic language necessary for the success in the mainstream classroom. The Learners Willingness to expireSkehan (1989) merely suggests that a learners testamentingness to communicate has also been related to anxiety. His research points toward some language learners attempting to debar communication in a second language due to fear of embarrassment over their current skill level in speaking the second language. Perhaps this is part of the reason why many second language learners, who study overseas, tend to remain connected to other foreign second language learners and avoid prolonged social contact with native-speaking peers.Though the reasoning behind each individuals level of exitingness to communicate will likely go away based on the number of people present, the topic of conversation and the formality of the circumstances, avoiding discussion using the second language is a com mon anxiety among language learners. While many studies have maken the level of anxiety of second language learners increases because of erroneous personal beliefs of the students, most of studies assert that self-confidence is an strategic component in overcoming of both in classroom and writing anxieties.What the SLA Teacher Ought to Focus On Sources of Language worry Furthermore, Young (1991) provides a list of potential sources of language anxiety. In her review of the literature on language anxiety, Young asserts that language anxiety can have a variety of sources that is, anxiety can be associated with the learners perceptions, teachers beliefs, as well as the instructional execute to second language learning. She argues that language can come from the following a.personal and interpersonal anxieties, learner beliefs about language learning, instructor beliefs about language teaching, instructor-learner actions, and language testing. Personal perceptions and beliefs can h ave a not bad(p) effect on the progress of language learning. These perceptions have been well-documented in the studies related to age and language learning. Hyltenstam (1992) asserts that age in relation to language learning is an important factor in achieving native-like fluency for second language learners.That is, jr. students tend to learn the second language faster than their matured counterparts. On the other, self-perception of more mature learners tends to hinder in the development of second language skills, which can more appropriately termed as distinction anxiety. For example, adults, who are pursuing study of a second language, may have a clear flush why they are pursuing such course and far more determination to persevere than their younger counterparts.However, a number of mature students, who enter a foreign language class, were victimized by various prejudices about second language learning. Im too old to learn or Im linguistically challenged are common erroneou s beliefs that adult learners often succumb to. Ehrman et al (2003) suggest that the recoverings of uneasiness, such as late start or a belief that one needs a special predisposition for learning learning, can be attributed to the barriers created by the students ego as one matures.Adult learners may perceive their performance in a foreign language classroom as unnatural or ridiculous in comparison to their experience in the first language learning butt on. Therefore, these factors often split up to the apprehension and tension felt by adult learners in the context of second language learning, more specifically in the aspect of speaking, writing, and learning. In short, adult learners suffer language anxiety more as compared to their younger counterparts. Certainly, not all adult learners become paralyzed by negative emotions the moment they step into a foreign language classroom.However, it is a common perception of educators, who have lectured to a group of adults, that some non-native speaking students may be reluctant to participate, more especially when they reserve up or assume that other students are more fluent. Nonetheless, it is important to emphasize that this emotion is not un get alongn quantity to younger learners, but in the studies it have been well-documented that with age the tension and anxiety associated with learning a novel language is stronger and more difficult to overcome. The Learning Environment as Source of Language AnxietyFurthermore, the learning environment can also be a source of language anxiety. MacIntyre and Gardner (1994) would denote this as situational anxiety. Hadfield (1992) has introduced the concept of classroom dynamics to describe everything that happens in and between the participants, both the teacher and the students. Heron further elaborates on the existential anxiety of students in a classroom setting. Moreover, Heron also lists three aspects of existential anxiety in relation to classroom dynamics 1) a cceptance anxiety, 2) orientation anxiety, and 3) performance anxiety.Acceptance anxiety would relate to apprehension of being judged in a foreign class. Often times, students as well as teachers may show approval and disapproval behaviors to others. Fellow students may show impatience or mock another(prenominal) as a sign of their approval or disapproval to their fellow students. This often manifest as a sign of competition for teachers approval among students in the classroom. Teachers may also pose judgmental attitude in their admonitions as well as their bodily movements to their students. The teachers may open criticize or mock a student in a class.A more subtle criticism can be observed when a teacher would correct an delusion of a student. Whether the teacher corrects the error explicitly, by providing the correction, or implicitly, by indicating the kind of error and giving the student the opportunity for self-correction, can make a difference in the students self-confid ence. Orientation anxiety would relate to the personal understanding of the situational contexts of the discussion or what is going on. Teachers role in facilitating learning is undermined by the reverse to manage classroom discourse. This leads for students to at times feel of being deprived of control.In a discussion, when call on stealing overrules turn taking, such feelings can occur. The student may feel the lack of control over his role in classroom interaction when he is late to answer a general challenge or the question is directed to another person. More often, students would find the teachers unclear or unsatisfactory explanation as frustrating and leaving a feeling of no control over the language as a system. Finally, the anxiety is further instilled with domineering and controlling teachers, who leaves students feeling they have no influence over what is going on in the classroom.Lastly, performance anxiety would relate to the apprehension or feeling of isolation in a class. The feeling of isolation may also express itself as a feeling of disregarded. The feeling of being alone among ones peers is not uncommon in highly territorial classrooms in which students never want to change their seats or switch conversation partners. Moreover, this would relate to students anxiety to talk using the range language with fellow students in fear of being appearing stupid and judge as well.Hence, research reports would suggest that foreign students will tend to group with fellow non-native speakers and exhibit behavioral avoidance when studying in the mainstream English classes. Variables of government agency Self-confidence is a positive image yet realistic view of one-self and the situation. A confident person is someone who trust his own abilities, have a general sense of control in their lives, and believe that, within reason, they will be able to do what they wish, plan, and expect.According to Skehan (1989), available research does not show a single c learly-defined relationship between personality traits (such as self-confidence) and second language. He further points out that a major difficulty in investigating personality variables is that of identification and measurement, pointing toward a relatively new area of potential research needing attention. However, existing literature suggests that language anxiety can be gibe with students negative concepts of themselves as language learners, and negative expectations for language learning.With this in consideration, self-confidence levels can be viewed not only as a personality trait with complex factors affecting high or low confidence, but also as an outcome of high anxiety levels. This assumption is of considerable interest as anxiety tends to create negative self-perceptions about language performance and can then be laced directly to an increase in negative attitudes towards second language learning and a decrease in risk-taking and sociability.In different respect, overly high levels of confidence in language learning can have similar negative effects on language learning, hindering advancement in language proficiency as over-confidence, due to self-perceptions of high degrees of performance in oral/written communication or in positive socialization, can lead a language learner to believe that he or she has learned all there is to know about a language and lose sight of mastering high complex linguistic skill in the SL.For example, an individual who sees that his or her skill level in the second language is superior to other SL learners who struggle with the SL, he or she might make substantial mistakes in grammar or comprehension, but remain completely unaware of their errors and thus not improve in the acquisition of the second language. Horwitz (1986) brings up an interesting concept regarding self-confidence by citing that language learning is a profoundly unsettling psychological proposition because it directly threatens an individuals self-c oncept and worldview.A bold statement, but it does indicate that language learning, as a whole, can be a major subscriber to variable self-confidence levels based on how each individual interprets their learning in terms of culture, grammar, or any other related language learning aspect. Variable self-confidence levels in second language learners are profoundly impacted by a complex set of individualised variables that it would be difficult to label each and every possible contributor to self-confidence levels.Simply recognising self-confidence levels in SL learners as a result of language learning and of anxiety opens a variety of potential research methods to begin measuring cause and effect of variable self-confidence. Instructor-Learner interaction and Classroom Procedures Young (1991) asserts that a learners beliefs about language learning can contribute to the psychological anxiety in students. Skills such as proper pronunciation, depth of vocabulary, and fluency may vary i n importance for learners in relation to second language learning.Similarly, Horwitz also studied the effect of various learners perceptions to language learning. In fact, Horwitz reports that a number of foreign language students in his study may have unachievable personal goals and misconceptions about language learning. For example, a few respondents expressed their optimism in achieving native-like fluency in the second language in two years of study, while others expressed their belief that language learning is tantamount to learning how to translate. Clearly, these idealistic beliefs contribute to language anxiety, more evidently when their beliefs and mankind clash.A very good example would be the overly optimistic goal of beginners to achieve native-like fluency in the target language in two years. Over time, the students would naturally tend to get frustrated to find the reality of their imperfect pronunciation even after a lot of practice. On the other hand, an instructor s beliefs about language teaching can also be a source of anxiety among second language learners. The manifestations of instructors belief can more clearly be seen in the methodological analysis or approach in which an instructor conducts the second language class.For example, most instructors, who employ the Grammar Translation method to teach English, will undoubtedly argue that the most fundamental reason for learning the language is to give learners access to English literature, develop their minds through second language learning, and to build in students the kinds of grammar, reading, vocabulary, and translation skills indispensable to pass any one of the variety of compulsory tests necessitated in instructional institutions. These instructors often emphasize on the strict rules of grammar syntax and proper form in sentence construction.While the teacher believes that his role in class is to constantly test and correct students errors, some of the students might develop anx iety over their class performance. On the other hand, some instructors may choose to employ a different methodology in language teaching. Some instructors may choose to use Total Physical retort method for learners to enjoy the sessions and create a less stressful environment for the students. Practitioners argue that recreating the natural process for children first learning their native language will facilitate the learning of the second language in the same way.More importantly, it asserts that language learning method involves a substantial amount of listening and comprehension with a mixture of various physical response such as smiling, reaching, and grabbing. Thus, the aim was to lower the affective filter in order to accelerate language learning among students. Taking into account the beliefs of both learners and instructors as well as the sources of language anxieties felt by students in a classroom setting, it is also important to look into the dynamics of the learning en vironment.Hadfield (1992) has identified seven traits of a good classroom dynamics as shown in Table 1. Table 1 Traits of Good Classroom Dynamics 1. Student groups are cohesive and have a positive, supportive atmosphere. Group members are interested in each other and feel they have something in common. 2. The members of the group are able to compromise. They have a sense of direction as a group and are able to define their goals in group as well as individual terms. 3. Group members are not cliquey or territorial but interact happily with all members of the group.Members of the group listen to each other and take turns. 4. Individuals in the group are not competitive and do not seek individual attention at the expense of others. Members cooperate in finish tasks and are able to work together productively. 5. Group members are able to empathize with each other and understand each others points of view even if they do not share them. The members of the group trust each other. 6. The group has a sense of fun. 7. Group members have a positive attitude to themselves as learners, to the language and culture being studied, and to the learning experience.Interpretation of Educator Beliefs on Language Learning Many paradigms and principles in mentioned in existing literature in teacher cognition are generally by nature unobservable and researchers have defined such principles differently. Freeman defines the categories in teacher reproduction as knowledge, beliefs and perceptions that shape what the teachers know, and therefore what they do in their teaching. The keywords in Freemans categorization would be knowledge, beliefs and perceptions. These keywords would therefore define the scope of the teachers competency in relation to language teaching.Ellis (2006) would further refine the three words to discuss the teachers biographical experience and how it contributes to their professional knowledge. Ellis (2006) proposes knowledge, beliefs, and perceptivitys as re finement of the Freemans categorization. Knowledge (cited after Woods by Ellis) would be related to facts and the things we know. Beliefs refers to the instructors acceptance of a proposition for which there is an accepted disagreement. Ellis further elaborates on this badinage as ESL students need explicit focus on grammar as well as communicative practice. Lastly, insight would relate to the instructors personal practical knowledge knowledge which is experiential, embodied, and reconstructed out of the narratives of a teachers life. Ellis (2006) further elaborates insight as an understanding gained from personal experience that allows us to see how previously understood realities could be different. It illuminates something previously unseen, makes sense of something previously incomprehensible, or lends a new perspective on something taken for granted. ConclusionDifferent language experiences will result to rich and divers(a) insights, which can be very useful to second lang uage teachers. However, there is yet to be a methodical study of a knowledge database of the learning experiences of English second language teachers. Formal education would require and ensure teachers are equip with the knowledge about phonology, grammar syntax, bilingualism, and motivation and methodology, etc. In addition, beliefs about the theories within language learning are also formed in the process as teachers develop a technique or approach in second language teaching.More importantly, teachers gain insights from the personal experiences, particularly in teaching second language. These insights are gained from reflection and recognition the complex, interwoven, rich, and diverse nature of what teachers know. The contents of this teacher booklet all aim to give the SLA teacher some insight into the areas in which he exerts significant impact. If taken to heart, he will indeed be able to make a dent in language learning by lessening the anxiety of his students and increasing their self-confidence. References Chang, Y. S. , Horwitz, E. K. and Schallert, D. L. (1999).Language Anxiety Differentiating Writing and Speaking Components. Language Learning, 49 (3), 417-446. Cummins, J. (2000). Immersion education for the millennium What we have learned from 30 years of research on second language immersion. Retrieved on October 23, 2007 from www. iteachilearn. com/cummins/immersion2000. html Ehrman, M. E. , Leaver, B. L. Oxford, R. L. (2003). A brief overview of individual differences in second language learning. System, 31 (3), 313-330. Ellis, E. M. (2006). Language learning experience as a contributor to ESOL teacher cognition. Teaching English as Second Language or Foreign Language, 10 (1).Gardner, R. C. Lambert, W. E. (1972). Attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Rowley, Mass Newbury House. Hadfield, J. (1992). Classroom dynamics. Oxford Oxford University Press. Horwitz, E. K. (1986). Student effective reactions and the teaching and learni ng of foreign languages. College of Education The University of Texas at Austin, Texas. Horwitz, E. K. , Horwitz, M. B. Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70 (2). Huang, J. (2004). Voices from Chinese students profs use of English affects academic listening. College Student Journal, 38(2), 212-223.Hyltenstam, K. (1992). Non-native features of near-native speakers on the ultimate attainment of childhood L2 learners. In R. J. Harris (ed. ) Cognitive processing in bilinguals, 351 367. Amsterdam North-Holland. MacIntyre, P. D. Gardner, D. (1994). How does anxiety affect second language learning? A reply to Sparks and Ganschow. The Modern Language Journal, 79 (1). Skehan, P. (1989). Individual differences in second-language learning. London Edward Arnold Young, D. J. (1991). Creating a low-anxiety classroom environment What does language anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75 (4).

The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay Example for Free

The sonny boyan missile Crisis EssayHistorians describe the 1962 crisis as a tripartite aff melodic line between Cuba, Soviet confederation and the resigns. Each country had the reason or the hazard of affecting the disclosecome of the crisis in any(pre no.inal) way it deemed fit. However, contrary to numerous beliefs on the crisis, Cuba was alone as it could non count on the clog up of the Soviet Union for long. Worse still, Cuba was continu aloney threatened by the States thus, Cubas approach was to restrain radical movements across Africa, Asia, and Latin the States to progress a league of like-minded communitys. To Cubans the 1962 crisis dates back in 1959 when the Cuban uprising occurred without any Soviet aid. During the requests of Pigs trespass in 1961, Fidel Castro termed the revolution collective since the country believed that the States was blueprint on obliterating the uprising. This led to the fear of a U.S. incursion thus, Cuba looked for ways to d ef complete itself. Cubans attest that the countries did non proclamation the crisis amongst themselves since the Statess arrive of destroying the Cuban ascent go on heretofore after the October crisis wherein the Soviet Union concur to the Statess demand. The crisis, fought from three of import fronts may grant instigated a nuclear war. However, several(prenominal) actions and counter-actions ensured that the crisis did non blow to a full winded war. In this regards, Cuba played an important authority during the spotless crisis. The Cubans byword the Cuban Rebellion as the primary(prenominal) cause of the crisis although the Soviet and the States thought separatewise. The evaluation of the crisis provides pick and comprehensive outlook of the causes, impacts, and issues surrounding the crisis from the Cuban offerpoint.This led to the fear of a U.S. incursion thus, Cuba looked for ways to def send away itself. Cubans attest that the countries did not resolve the cr isis amongst themselves since the Statess aim of destroying the Cuban ascent continued even after the October crisis wherein the Soviet Union agreed to the Statess demand. The crisis, fought from three briny fronts may dedicate instigated a nuclear war. However, several actions and counter-actions ensured that the crisis did not blow to a full blown war. In this regards, Cuba played an important role during the entire crisis. The Cubans truisming machine the Cuban Rebellion as the main cause of the crisis although the Soviet and the States thought otherwise. The evaluation of the crisis provides alternative and comprehensive outlook of the causes, impacts, and issues surrounding the crisis from the Cuban standpoint.Background The Cuban Crisis of 1962 was the most significant incident of the coolness War.For 13 days, the America and the Soviet went at each others stand on high quality in a period crisis that almost created a nuclear war.Inexorably, chronological assessments of the Crisis center on the power struggle between the Soviet and America.Infrequently, people do not consider it indispensable or of the essence(p) to regard Cuba as a main actor of the crisis. Therefore, to enti hope appreciate and comprehend the lessons of the Crisis,it is essential to look upon Cubas role in the predicament.to a greater extent significantly, though, as the Cold War fades and the world takes shape of a impudently order, the significance of compreh goal the events of the crisis and the main competitors of the crisis to name upon the current view of the world and prepare for future crisis becomes more(prenominal) imperative. stay amid those actors, subsequently,is Cuba.Even though instantly obviously missing Soviet martial services and financial support, Cuba, like a shot remains a share of significant to America general defense interests.In this regards, providing an imperative butt of literary information on the crisis, a link between Cuba and America r elations, and the armed forces oppression or missiles predicaments interest the crisis may fracture future intuition on Americas intent during the crisis.More significantly, though, as the Cold War fades and the world takes shape of a new order, the significance of comprehending the events of the crisis and the main antagonists of the crisis to construct upon the current view of the world and prepare for future crisis becomes more imperative.Abiding amid those actors, subsequently,is Cuba.Even though now obviously missing Soviet martial services and financial support, Cuba, today remains a region of significant to America general defense interests.In this regards, providing an imperative foundation of literary information on the crisis, a link between Cuba and America relations, and the multitude oppression or missiles predicaments following the crisis may offer future intuition on Americas intent during the crisis.Discussion The crisis involved three main countries i.e. Amer ica, Cuba, and the Soviet Union. However other countries such as Turkey and Germany were in come inly involved in the crisis. At the occurrence of the predicament, America and the Soviet were the most significant and deterministic countries. The Soviet sough to friend Cuba deal off an impending onslaught by America as a result of Cubas stand in socialists views. Later, Khrushchev termed the missiles as protective precautions against any violation. Kennedy plaques disinclination to admit to the status quo in Cuba may pay off caused the crisis. firm disparate to Castro, Kennedys administration ordered an ill-fated incursion of Cuba by anti-Castro expatriates in 1961 April. side by side(p) the verbalize of Pigs debacle, the CIA sought to murder Castro and backed clandestine mathematical processs against Cuba. In addition, Americas incision of State ordered a monetary and opinionated embargo of the country maculation the Pentagon vigilant a full-blown incursion of Cuba. O n the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was sprightly with Cubas call(a) for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba. Cuba knew that consummation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and snarf the gains that the country had made e rattlingplace the days thus, the country was prepared to adjure any Americas invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations forKennedy administrations disinclination to admit to the status quo in Cuba may have caused the crisis. Unwaveringly disparate to Castro, Kennedys administration ordered an ill-fated incursion of Cuba by anti-Castro expatriates in 1961 April. Following the speak of Pigs debacle, the CIA sought to murder Castro and backed clandestine operations against Cuba. In addition, Americas Departmen t of State ordered a monetary and opinionated embargo of the country while the Pentagon prepared a full-blown incursion of Cuba. On the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was pleased with Cubas call for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba. Cuba knew that Operation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and overturn the gains that the country had made over the historic period thus, the country was prepared to counterbalance any Americas invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations forOn the other hand, the Soviet Union had become intensely engaged to the Castro regime since 1960, and it was pleased with Cubas call for socialism. In fact, Khrushchev viewed Castro as modern Lenin thus, he knew he was doing something important to liberate Cuba . Cuba knew that Operation Mongoose was meant to destabilize the country and overturn the gains that the country had made over the years thus, the country was prepared to fight any Americas invasion tactics. In fact, Cuba guessed correctly that the preparations of Pentagon, CIA, and Department of State were preparations for future assault on the Cuban soil. In this regards, Cuba acknowledged the Soviet strategy to mount missiles in May of 1962 to prevent any America assault. Furthermore, the generalization of the missiles meant that Cuba would become a de facto partner of the Soviet Union. Since Americas estimation of armed Cuban was 100,000, Cuba planed to pegleg a surprise thus, had roughly 270,000 armed Cubans by October 22, 1962. Cuba knew that Kennedys administration would not honor its compact of not invading Cuba thus, called on the Soviet Union not to withdraw its bombers from Cuba. However, Khrushchev agreed to Kennedys terms, which persuaded Cuba that it could not rely on the Soviet Union any longer. In this regards, Cubans saw the crisis as lasting for 6 years during which tension existed between the country and America. In fact, Castros administration asserted that the crisis was never pertinacious amicably. Although the countries complete peace, the aim of the crisis continued to dissipate i.e. Americas aim to destroy the Cuban rebellion continued thus, runing to Cubans, the crisis never ended.Since Americas estimation of armed Cuban was 100,000, Cuba planed to stage a surprise thus, had about 270,000 armed Cubans by October 22, 1962. Cuba knew that Kennedys administration would not honor its pledge of not invading Cuba thus, called on the Soviet Union not to withdraw its bombers from Cuba. However, Khrushchev agreed to Kennedys terms, which persuaded Cuba that it could not rely on the Soviet Union any longer. In this regards, Cubans saw the crisis as lasting for 6 years during which tension existed between the country and America. In fact, Castros administration asserted that the crisis was never resolved amicably. Although the countries realized peace, the aim of the crisis continued to dissipate i.e. Americas aim to destroy the Cuban rebellion continued thus, according to Cubans, the crisis never ended. Historians have accorded Cuba little regard concerning the crisis even if though they were the main antagonists to the crisis. In fact, were it not for the Cuban Rebellion, America would not have coming into courtn an outstanding interest to invade Cuba. Analysts should give credibility to the command that two Cuba and the Soviet Union observed the missiles as a restraint against Americas incursion. Although Cuba did not have a missiles thus, its negligible powers to affect the outcome of the crisis, analysts fail to address the Cuban Rebellion as a key deterrent to any invasion. In fact, the fact that an amicable resolution did not spring reveals Cubas significant to the crisis. More often, historians pictur e Cuba as a colony of the Soviet Union in the crisis hence, it only acted on the Soviet Unions powers. However, the Soviets reason to Americas terms after the crisis 13 days demonstrates that Cuba was not an outpost of any country. In fact, Cuba was an antagonist of both(prenominal) the Soviet and America. Cuba affected the history the crisis through many aspects of its socialist ideas and the rebellion, and although the countries did not resolve the crisis amicably, facts show that Cubas motives, actions, insights, and behaviors during the three stages of the crisis i.e. October 22, October 22 to 28, and October 28 to November 20.More often, historians see Cuba as a colony of the Soviet Union in the crisis hence, it only acted on the Soviet Unions powers. However, the Soviets agreement to Americas terms after the crisis 13 days demonstrates that Cuba was not an outpost of any country. In fact, Cuba was an antagonist of both the Soviet and America. Cuba affected the history the cr isis through many aspects of its socialist ideas and the rebellion, and although the countries did not resolve the crisis amicably, facts show that Cubas motives, actions, insights, and behaviors during the three stages of the crisis i.e. October 22, October 22 to 28, and October 28 to November 20. People view the Missile predicament as the peak of the Cold War albeit it was only 13-days long to America and the Soviet Union. Cuba sought out support from the Soviet Union as a result of the imminent Americas invasion of Cuba, and the Soviets installed missiles all over Cuba. America viewed this as an intimidation from the Soviet Union wherein she prepared for the invasion with stinting embargoes on Cuba and plans to murder Castro. However, after 13 days of plans and predicaments, America and the Soviet came to an agreement that saw the Soviet withdraw its missiles from Cuba. This unexpended over(p) Cuba at a crossroad on the permanence of the crisis since its standoff with Ameri ca remained. On the other hand, following the agreement America and the Soviet were cautious of using missiles during the entire period to the end of the Cold War. Cubans do not relate the crisis to the Cold war thus, the difference in thinking between the primary base on the crisis and Cubans viewpoint.Before 1962 October 22 Between 1898 and 1959 America and Cuba were allies. However, after Castro took authority from Fulgencio Batista America cultivated antagonism with Cuba that saw several embargoes against Cuba. After Castro took over the authority of the country he called for socialism, which angered the Americans. Further, following the swearing-in of Castro, Cuba experienced the Cuban Rebellion, which Cubans see as the cause of the crisis. The rebellion constrained America to think of ways of ending the revolution and the calls for a socialist society hence, Americas ideas of obliterating the rebellion caused the Cuban Crisis. Economic embargoes and institutions of insubo rdinate forces against Cuba, and the Bay of Pigs incursion demonstrate Americas intent to invade Cuba. This caused Castro means of defending Cuba thus, he turned to the Soviet for facilitate who were more than willing to help Cuba. In fact, Cubans were afraid of any direct incursion by America since they had witnessed the horrors committed in Dominican democracy and Vietnam. Leaders from Cuba believed that America reacted to the 1961 Bay of Pigs fiasco by organizing for much superior invasion of Cuba. Actually, the leaders believed that Americans were intent on take downing Cubas leading with the help of Americas military forces. The Soviets shared out Cubas concept hence, offered to help with the installation of several missiles across Cuba. Cubans interpretation of Americas hostility led ineluctably to the conclusion of an impending America invasion.This caused Castro means of defending Cuba thus, he turned to the Soviet for help who were more than willing to help Cuba. In fact, Cubans were afraid of any direct incursion by America since they had witnessed the horrors committed in Dominican Republic and Vietnam. Leaders from Cuba believed that America reacted to the 1961 Bay of Pigs fiasco by organizing for much superior invasion of Cuba. Actually, the leaders believed that Americans were intent on destroying Cubas leadership with the help of Americas military forces. The Soviets shared Cubas sen fourth dimensionnt hence, offered to help with the installation of several missiles across Cuba. Cubans interpretation of Americas hostility led inescapably to the conclusion of an impending America invasion. In 1962, Cuba was suspended from OAS (Organization of American States), which touch. Cubas reservations of an impending incursion. In June1962,however,Kennedy cogitate strategies to contain Cubas political separation by speaking to the forum of OAS symposium at Punta del Este, Uruguay.On the proposals of America, the OAS affirmed Castros administra tion irreconcilable with the inter-American organization and, closing that Cuba should be debarred from the OAS, corresponded with America suggestions to enforce an arms ban. With hindsight, then, both America and Cub held each other responsible for their shared animosity and the twisting of trepidation and displeasure leading Crisis. For Castro, this resentment was entrenched in his obligation to flare up Cubas doctrine on America and make Cuba a socialist nation.Castro was persuaded that American regalism had caused Cubas tribulations and that only the eradication of Cubas doctrine on America could overturn the tribulations.In spite of wrong(p) Americas endeavors to work with the Castros administration, Castro had no intent of joining forces America.To a certain extent, Castro looked for any excuse to break the two countries ties.With hindsight, then, both America and Cub held each other responsible for their shared animosity and the twisting of trepidation and resentment lea ding Crisis. For Castro, this resentment was entrenched in his obligation to break Cubas reliance on America and make Cuba a socialist nation.Castro was persuaded that American regalism had caused Cubas tribulations and that only the eradication of Cubas reliance on America could overturn the tribulations.In spite of untimely Americas endeavors to work with the Castros administration, Castro had no intent of joining forces America.To a certain extent, Castro looked for any excuse to break the two countries ties. Cuba saw the suspension as a preparation tactic or diplomatic action taken precedent to an invasion. Several reports of an impending invasion followed the action with Miro Cardona indicating that John Kennedy plan on invading Cuba. Following the reports, America threatened to extend its economic restrictions to countries that traded with Cuba. In fact, America tried hard to frustrate Cubas trade negotiations with countries such as Japan, Israel, Jordan, Iran, and Greece . Cuban leaders interpreted the Americas score activities as part of a well schemed strategy to destabilize and destroy Cuba. Furthermore, the Cubans saw the Operation Mongoose as an orchestrated plan meant to bring about a rebellion of the Cubans. America valued a revolt that would overthrow Castros government. The operation was a vast strategy that included blowing up bridges, cutting communication, destruction of excoriation mills, and oil facilities, and sabotage of machines. The CIA and secret radio broadcasts infiltrated numerous teams to support insurgent forces in Cuba. Cubans saw the second warfare as an integral strategy aimed at assassinating Castro. In fact, America did not want to stand in Castros administration with Che Guevara, and they nonionised for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the conclusion of Castro. Conversely, Cub believed that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castros discourse with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Events preceding the operation and Americas impending invasion may have stimulated Cubas decision to accept Soviets missile operation.Furthermore, the Cubans saw the Operation Mongoose as an orchestrated plan meant to bring about a rebellion of the Cubans. America wanted a revolt that would overthrow Castros government. The operation was a vast strategy that included blowing up bridges, cutting communication, destruction of sugar mills, and oil facilities, and sabotage of machines. The CIA and secret radio broadcasts infiltrated numerous teams to support guerrilla forces in Cuba. Cubans saw the guerrilla warfare as an integral strategy aimed at assassinating Castro. In fact, America did not want to replace Castros administration with Che Guevara, and they organized for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the death of Castro. Conversely, Cub beli eved that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castros interview with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Events preceding the operation and Americas impending invasion may have stimulated Cubas decision to accept Soviets missile operation.In fact, America did not want to replace Castros administration with Che Guevara, and they organized for a military invasion that would see major invasions after the death of Castro. Conversely, Cub believed that the exiles would not overthrow the government, a fact best demonstrated by Castros interview with Prada. Reports indicate that Cuba was aware of the operation Mongoose since Cuban agents penetrated the Mongoose team. Events preceding the operation and Americas impending invasion may have stimulated Cubas decision to accept Soviets missile operation. Accordingly, the Kennedys government seemed to straighten outon a str ategy of pestering and ambassadorial segregation in order to restrain Castro and keep back him uneven.The aggravation incorporated the use of operations such as Operation Mongoose, and clandestine operations between Cuba and Florida, demolishing factories, and performing hit-and-run assaults alongside the Cuban coast. America formerly intended to storm the Bay of Pigs another time, but then, the humiliation the country underwent forced it forego the plans. America feared Cubas relationship with the Soviet. The operations and Americas harassment strategies point to the fact that America intended to wholly disintegrate Castros government.The crisis President Kennedy, in his October 22nd report to the American people, he referred to the existence of standard and long-range ballisticartilleryinCuba.Prior to the address, the CIA had indicated the existence of two IRBM and four MRBM instigation sites in diverse stages of constitute and structured into a minimum of three regiments.Of these sites, two contingents of eight missile launcher each were say to be portable and structured to instigate the MRBMs while people believed the one contingent of eight ageless launchers to be designed for the IRBMs. This evaluation shows or clarifies the true threat that faced America at the time of the crisis. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviets intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to take for out in an nonsubjective to end the Castros uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous passinges coming after the Vietnam War. An pass around assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a fall out to crush Americas army. However, the war would have m eant that Cuba suffer the greatest sledding since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, lengthy war could well have been anticipated.Accordingly, Castro,faced with plainly an alternative to fight agreedtotheemploymentofmissilesinCuba.The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviets intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective lens to end the Castros uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush Americas army. However, the war would have meant that C uba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolong war could well have been anticipated.Accordingly, Castro,faced with dear an alternative to fight agreedtotheemploymentofmissilesinCuba.The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviets intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castros uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush Americas army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest l oss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.Accordingly, Castro,faced with just an alternative to fight agreedtotheemploymentofmissilesinCuba.The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviets intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castros uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush Americas army. However, the war would have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was sup posed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.Accordingly, Castro,faced with just an alternative to fight agreedtotheemploymentofmissilesinCuba.This evaluation shows or clarifies the true threat that faced America at the time of the crisis. The missiles and rocket launchers showed Soviets intent to help Cuba fight off any invasion that America planned to carry out in an objective to end the Castros uprising. During the crisis, Cuba harbored about 42,000 Soviet military personnel. In addition, Cuba had about 270,000 armed people, which meant that America would have suffered enormous losses coming after the Vietnam War. An air assault would not have shattered all the missiles installed across Cuba, which meant America would have at the end of the assault forced to open war. This would have provided Cuba and the Soviet with a chance to crush Americas army. However, the war w ould have meant that Cuba suffer the greatest loss since the war was supposed to be in its soil. Besides, with Cuba and the Soviets prepared to battle to the very last man, a lengthy, prolonged war could well have been anticipated.Accordingly, Castro,faced with just an alternative to fight agreedtotheemploymentofmissilesinCuba.Cubas Involvement Cuba was involved in the crisis as much as the Soviet and America were involved. In fact, some people point out that Cuba remained the main antagonist during the entire crisis since America wanted to invade it and the Soviet provided missiles to the country. In addition, since the crisis was tied to the invasion of the Bay of Pigs, Cubans understood that the invasion was between America and Cuba. The Soviet plans to support Cuba were always in ambiguity. On one hand, the Soviet claimed that its aim was to support Cuba from America while Cuba saw it as a support to its interests. The agreement between Cuba and the Soviet saw the Soviet plac e the missiles to support Cuba. However, the aim of the Soviet to resolve the issue remained ambiguous even to Cubans. The decision to remove the missiles after 13 days demonstrated Soviets unwillingness to support Little Cuba as it claimed. This shows that the animosity that existed between America and Cuba continued. Cubans, therefore, saw the Soviets help as more than support against America. In fact, the Soviet sought to repay Americas unkindness for surrounding the Soviet coalition with missiles and military base. Since Cuba is strategically located near America, the Soviet saw the crisis as a major chance to demonstrate to America its happiness. Khrushchev also intended to use the missiles as bargaining whittles during the U.N. forums and to further its ideals during the Cold War. In this regards, Cuba understood its stand during the crisis, and after the Soviet agreed to Americas terms it was not left with any chance, but to resort to socialism calls. Castro understood all a long that America was intent on invading Cuba no because of the crisis, but mainly because of the Cuban Rebellion. Cubans understood their importance during the crisis thus, Castros administration planned well throughout the crisis. The administration understood that the crisis emanated as a result of Cubas calls for socialism and not because of the missiles. In this regards, the government understood that even after agreeing to the terms of the deal between the Soviets and America, it remained free of both countries. However, the administration knew that the crisis still existed since the main issues surrounding the crisis were never resolved. In this regards, Cuba played the most significant role in the progress of the crisis and the conclusion of the crisis six years later. Although most people think that the crisis ended after 13 days, it continued with animosity between America and Cuba rising continually each day. Although Castro denied the claims that he instigated an gre et to place the missiles, he stated during a speech in 1963 that the installation of the missiles was a mutual accord between Cuba and the Soviet. However, data shows that Castro instigated a plan that would compel the Soviet to provide the missiles to Cuba. In fact, Castro influenced the activities and actions that led to the Soviets agreement to deploy the missiles to Cuba. The missiles provided Cuba to deter any Americas invasion and reduce the countrys reliance to America. By possessing the missiles, Castro knew that he would retaliate to any Americas oppression especially the oppression that Cuba had suffered for more than 200 years under the hands of America. The lack of any battle during the crisis helped deter any warfare that would have emerged. In addition, had America invaded Cuba, Cuba would have realized guerrilla warfare across the whole nation thus, the withdrawal of the missiles may have offered a chance for the countries to remain at peace with each other. destructi on During the period of the Crisis, people believed that America had attained an enormous triumph. In addition, Cubans believed that there was no resolution in regards to the crisis thus, they remained the main losers to the crisis. After the agreement between the Soviets and America, the Soviets removed the missiles from Cuba, which left Cuba with no support. This shows that Cuba was solitary in its endeavors during the crisis, and the crisis was postcode but Americas intent to crush socialism in Cuba. Furthermore, the agreement between the Soviet and America forced Cuba to agree to the requisites of the deal thus, Castros reputation inside Latin America suffered significantly. However, Cubans understood that America did not win during the crisis since Kennedy did not achieve his goal of overthrowing Castro. Although the Soviet removed the missiles, Castro remained the president. In fact, today, America enforces an economic embargo against Cuba, which shows that there was no res olution on the crisis. America still enforces a restriction on Cuba while Castro persists to be a nuisance to U.S aims in the Caribbean. Accordingly, even though Cuba does not enjoy Russias economic subventions and military aid, the struggle between Americas egalitarian principles and Castros socialism continues.While Americas efforts concerning Cuba have realized little victory, it is noticeable that Castro still holds Cubas administration, and that communism and an intrinsic disbelieve of America remains. The crisis demonstrates the antagonism and repressions that existed between the three countries. Although people see the war as a arbitrary battle between America and the Soviet, Cubas involvement in the crisis demonstrates that the crisis was between America and Cuba with the help of the Soviet for some times. However, after the agreement to withdraw the missiles the crisis remained a contention between America and Cuba. Indeed, the countries did not resolve the crisis sinc e the animosity between America and Cuba remains to date. Conclusively, the crisis offers a chance for historians to rethink the roles of the country during the crisis.ReferencesChrisp, Peter.The Cuban Missile Crisis. Milwaukee, WI World Almanac Library, 2002.Haas, Mark L.. Prospect Theory And The Cuban Missile Crisis.International Studies Quarterly45, no. 2 (2001) 241-270.Immell, Myra.The Cuban Missile Crisis. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2011.Laffey, Mark, and Jutta Weldes. Decolonizing The Cuban Missile Crisis.International Studies Quarterly52, no. 3 (2008) 555-577.Renshon, Jonathan. Mirroring Risk The Cuban Missile Estimation.Intelligence and National Security24, no. 3 (2009) 315-338.Source document